Real-time semantic segmentation has played an important role in intelligent vehicle scenarios. Recently, numerous networks have incorporated information from multi-size receptive fields to facilitate feature extraction in real-time semantic segmentation tasks. However, these methods preferentially adopt massive receptive fields to elicit more contextual information, which may result in inefficient feature extraction. We believe that the elaborated receptive fields are crucial, considering the demand for efficient feature extraction in real-time tasks. Therefore, we propose an effective and efficient architecture termed Dilation-wise Residual segmentation (DWRSeg), which possesses different sets of receptive field sizes within different stages. The architecture involves (i) a Dilation-wise Residual (DWR) module for extracting features based on different scales of receptive fields in the high level of the network; (ii) a Simple Inverted Residual (SIR) module that uses an inverted bottleneck structure to extract features from the low stage; and (iii) a simple fully convolutional network (FCN)-like decoder for aggregating multiscale feature maps to generate the prediction. Extensive experiments on the Cityscapes and CamVid datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by achieving a state-of-the-art trade-off between accuracy and inference speed, in addition to being lighter weight. Without using pretraining or resorting to any training trick, we achieve 72.7% mIoU on the Cityscapes test set at a speed of 319.5 FPS on one NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 Ti card, which is significantly faster than existing methods. The code and trained models are publicly available.

车道检测是许多实际自治系统的重要组成部分。尽管已经提出了各种各样的车道检测方法，但随着时间的推移报告了基准的稳定改善，但车道检测仍然是一个未解决的问题。这是因为大多数现有的车道检测方法要么将车道检测视为密集的预测或检测任务，因此很少有人考虑泳道标记的独特拓扑（Y形，叉形，几乎是水平的车道），该拓扑标记物是该标记的。导致亚最佳溶液。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于继电器链预测的新方法检测。具体而言，我们的模型预测了分割图以对前景和背景区域进行分类。对于前景区域中的每个像素点，我们穿过前向分支和后向分支以恢复整个车道。每个分支都会解码传输图和距离图，以产生移动到下一个点的方向，以及逐步预测继电器站的步骤（下一个点）。因此，我们的模型能够沿车道捕获关键点。尽管它很简单，但我们的策略使我们能够在包括Tusimple，Culane，Curvelanes和Llamas在内的四个主要基准上建立新的最先进。

本文为表格马尔可夫决策过程（MDP）提供了第一种多项式时间算法，该算法享受了遗憾的界限\ emph {独立于计划范围}。具体来说，我们考虑具有$ S $州的表格MDP，$ A $ ACTICY，计划范围$ h $，总奖励为$ 1 $，代理商播放$ K $ evipodes。我们设计了一种实现$ o \ left（\ mathrm {poly}（s，a，a，\ log k）\ sqrt {k} \ right）$遗憾的算法（\ mathrm {poly}（s，a，a，\ log k）polylog}（h）$依赖项〜\ citep {zhang2020 reininforcement}或对$ s $〜\ citep {li2021settling}具有指数依赖关系。我们的结果依赖于一系列新的结构引理，从而建立了固定策略的近似能力，稳定性和浓度特性，这些策略可以在与马尔可夫链有关的其他问题中应用。

近年来，深入学习的蓬勃发展的开花目睹了文本认可的快速发展。但是，现有的文本识别方法主要用于英语文本，而忽略中文文本的关键作用。作为另一种广泛的语言，中文文本识别各种方式​​都有广泛的应用市场。根据我们的观察，我们将稀缺关注缺乏对缺乏合理的数据集建设标准，统一评估方法和现有基线的结果。为了填补这一差距，我们手动收集来自公开的竞争，项目和论文的中文文本数据集，然后将它们分为四类，包括场景，网络，文档和手写数据集。此外，我们在这些数据集中评估了一系列代表性的文本识别方法，具有统一的评估方法来提供实验结果。通过分析实验结果，我们令人惊讶地观察到识别英语文本的最先进的基线不能很好地表现出对中国情景的良好。由于中国文本的特征，我们认为仍然存在众多挑战，这与英文文本完全不同。代码和数据集在https://github.com/fudanvi/benchmarking-chinese-text-recognition中公开使用。

我们提出了一种与变压器的端到端图像压缩和分析模型，针对基于云的图像分类应用程序。代替将现有的变换器的图像分类模型直接放置在图像编解码器之后，我们的目的是重新设计视觉变换器（VIV）模型，以从压缩特征执行图像分类，并促进来自变压器的长期信息的图像压缩。具体而言，我们首先用由卷积神经网络建模的轻量级图像编码器更换vit模型的涂抹杆（即图像分裂和嵌入）。由图像编码器产生的压缩特征被注入卷积电感偏压，并被馈送到变压器，用于绕过图像重建。同时，我们提出了一种特征聚合模块，使压缩特征熔断具有变压器的所选中间特征，并将聚合特征馈送到用于图像重建的解卷积神经网络。聚合特征可以从变压器的自我关注机构获得长期信息，并提高压缩性能。速率 - 失真准确度优化问题最终通过两步培训策略解决。实验结果证明了所提出的模型在图像压缩和分类任务中的有效性。

For basic machine learning problems, expected error is used to evaluate model performance. Since the distribution of data is usually unknown, we can make simple hypothesis that the data are sampled independently and identically distributed (i.i.d.) and the mean value of loss function is used as the empirical risk by Law of Large Numbers (LLN). This is known as the Monte Carlo method. However, when LLN is not applicable, such as imbalanced data problems, empirical risk will cause overfitting and might decrease robustness and generalization ability. Inspired by the framework of nonlinear expectation theory, we substitute the mean value of loss function with the maximum value of subgroup mean loss. We call it nonlinear Monte Carlo method. In order to use numerical method of optimization, we linearize and smooth the functional of maximum empirical risk and get the descent direction via quadratic programming. With the proposed method, we achieve better performance than SOTA backbone models with less training steps, and more robustness for basic regression and imbalanced classification tasks.

Despite significant progress in object categorization, in recent years, a number of important challenges remain; mainly, the ability to learn from limited labeled data and to recognize object classes within large, potentially open, set of labels. Zero-shot learning is one way of addressing these challenges, but it has only been shown to work with limited sized class vocabularies and typically requires separation between supervised and unsupervised classes, allowing former to inform the latter but not vice versa. We propose the notion of vocabulary-informed learning to alleviate the above mentioned challenges and address problems of supervised, zero-shot, generalized zero-shot and open set recognition using a unified framework. Specifically, we propose a weighted maximum margin framework for semantic manifold-based recognition that incorporates distance constraints from (both supervised and unsupervised) vocabulary atoms. Distance constraints ensure that labeled samples are projected closer to their correct prototypes, in the embedding space, than to others. We illustrate that resulting model shows improvements in supervised, zero-shot, generalized zero-shot, and large open set recognition, with up to 310K class vocabulary on Animal with Attributes and ImageNet datasets.

Masked image modeling (MIM) has shown great promise for self-supervised learning (SSL) yet been criticized for learning inefficiency. We believe the insufficient utilization of training signals should be responsible. To alleviate this issue, we introduce a conceptually simple yet learning-efficient MIM training scheme, termed Disjoint Masking with Joint Distillation (DMJD). For disjoint masking (DM), we sequentially sample multiple masked views per image in a mini-batch with the disjoint regulation to raise the usage of tokens for reconstruction in each image while keeping the masking rate of each view. For joint distillation (JD), we adopt a dual branch architecture to respectively predict invisible (masked) and visible (unmasked) tokens with superior learning targets. Rooting in orthogonal perspectives for training efficiency improvement, DM and JD cooperatively accelerate the training convergence yet not sacrificing the model generalization ability. Concretely, DM can train ViT with half of the effective training epochs (3.7 times less time-consuming) to report competitive performance. With JD, our DMJD clearly improves the linear probing classification accuracy over ConvMAE by 5.8%. On fine-grained downstream tasks like semantic segmentation, object detection, etc., our DMJD also presents superior generalization compared with state-of-the-art SSL methods. The code and model will be made public at https://github.com/mx-mark/DMJD.

Body Mass Index (BMI), age, height and weight are important indicators of human health conditions, which can provide useful information for plenty of practical purposes, such as health care, monitoring and re-identification. Most existing methods of health indicator prediction mainly use front-view body or face images. These inputs are hard to be obtained in daily life and often lead to the lack of robustness for the models, considering their strict requirements on view and pose. In this paper, we propose to employ gait videos to predict health indicators, which are more prevalent in surveillance and home monitoring scenarios. However, the study of health indicator prediction from gait videos using deep learning was hindered due to the small amount of open-sourced data. To address this issue, we analyse the similarity and relationship between pose estimation and health indicator prediction tasks, and then propose a paradigm enabling deep learning for small health indicator datasets by pre-training on the pose estimation task. Furthermore, to better suit the health indicator prediction task, we bring forward Global-Local Aware aNd Centrosymmetric Encoder (GLANCE) module. It first extracts local and global features by progressive convolutions and then fuses multi-level features by a centrosymmetric double-path hourglass structure in two different ways. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed paradigm achieves state-of-the-art results for predicting health indicators on MoVi, and that the GLANCE module is also beneficial for pose estimation on 3DPW.

Adapting object detectors learned with sufficient supervision to novel classes under low data regimes is charming yet challenging. In few-shot object detection (FSOD), the two-step training paradigm is widely adopted to mitigate the severe sample imbalance, i.e., holistic pre-training on base classes, then partial fine-tuning in a balanced setting with all classes. Since unlabeled instances are suppressed as backgrounds in the base training phase, the learned RPN is prone to produce biased proposals for novel instances, resulting in dramatic performance degradation. Unfortunately, the extreme data scarcity aggravates the proposal distribution bias, hindering the RoI head from evolving toward novel classes. In this paper, we introduce a simple yet effective proposal distribution calibration (PDC) approach to neatly enhance the localization and classification abilities of the RoI head by recycling its localization ability endowed in base training and enriching high-quality positive samples for semantic fine-tuning. Specifically, we sample proposals based on the base proposal statistics to calibrate the distribution bias and impose additional localization and classification losses upon the sampled proposals for fast expanding the base detector to novel classes. Experiments on the commonly used Pascal VOC and MS COCO datasets with explicit state-of-the-art performances justify the efficacy of our PDC for FSOD. Code is available at github.com/Bohao-Lee/PDC.